Using Hoover Fence Company's calculations for fencing a one-square-acre parcel, a $22/linear foot horizontal fence would cost $1670 more to install than a $20/linear foot vertical fence. Fixr's cost ranges for wood fencing are solid, and certainly reliable enough for back-of-envelope estimations.Fence Estimator. Quickly design your fence project and get any information about it you want such as material cost, material list, estimated installation cost, quotes and more. Start right now, no login or sign up required. Below are the wood fence material options. For now you are just selecting the material type.To calculate the number of posts for a wood fence, divide the length by 8′ and round up to get the number of sections. Then, add 1 to account for the last post. For example, let’s find how many posts are needed for a fence with a planned length of 100 feet. (length in ft. ÷ 8′) + 1 = posts. (100′ ÷ 8′) + 1 = posts. YARDLINK 4-ft x 6-ft Cedar Fence Panel. The Yardlink Vista Cedar Wood Fence Panel is attractive, modern, durable and extremely easy to install. Measuring 46in H x 6ft wide, this fence offers a semi-privacy solution at a more economical price. 9 Aug 2017 ... Hey guys, so I bought my first house this past November. One of the first projects I wanted to tackle was replacing my ugly chain link fence ...May 23, 2022 · Lilac. The Spruce / Evgeniya Vlasova. Lilac (Syringa vulgaris) is a great option for a fragrant living privacy fence with attractive purple flowers. This species can grow up to 15 feet tall and 12 feet wide, so pruning is often necessary (however, only about a foot of growth per year is expected). Wire mesh fencing rolls are a popular choice for homeowners and businesses alike when it comes to enhancing privacy. Security: One of the primary benefits of wire mesh fencing roll...The average fence panel cost is £45 per panel. The average fence installation cost is £1,450 (4 ft) - £1,850 (6ft) Whether your fence has blown down or you’re looking to give your garden a makeover, you’ll want to know how much to budget for a new fence. In this guide, we reveal the average cost of installing fence panels.Using Hoover Fence Company's calculations for fencing a one-square-acre parcel, a $22/linear foot horizontal fence would cost $1670 more to install than a $20/linear foot vertical fence. Fixr's cost ranges for wood fencing are solid, and certainly reliable enough for back-of-envelope estimations.How much does fence repair cost? $100 – $200 Cost to fix holes, cracks, missing boards/slats. $250 – $750 Cost to replace posts & panels or fix leaning. The average cost to fix a fence is $250 to $750. Replacing a fence post costs $120 to $400. Repairing a leaning fence costs $250 to $600. Replacing fence panels costs $150 to $400.Mar 29, 2023 · The most popular types of privacy fences for homeowners include picket fences, luxury wood fences, simple and decorative vinyl fences, and aluminum-vinyl hybrid fences. Picket-style privacy fences use pressure treated lumber. The pickets are placed close together to ensure security. Solid board fence panels are perfect for protecting your ... The average labor cost to install a wood fence ranges from $17 to $45 per linear foot. Labor rates will vary by the type of materials you choose, site prep, and your location. In addition to labor, you’ll also want to plan for permits, a land surveyor, and the cost of lawn regrading. Fence building permit cost: $200–$600.Jan 28, 2019 · Keep the fence posts 8 ft. apart or less to keep the fence from sagging as you plan how to build a fence. Fewer posts will save you some digging, but in the long run, wind and gravity will make you pay for it in your privacy fencing. The more posts you have, the stronger your outdoor privacy fence will be. A good rule of thumb is to space posts ... These fences are builder-grade, and because of their low cost, are perfect for landlords who have multiple rental properties, or homeowners who plan to sell ...Oct 8, 2023 · The national average materials cost to install a fence is $13.93 per linear foot, with a range between $11.67 to $16.18. The total price for labor and materials per linear foot is $25.32, coming in between $19.23 to $31.41. A typical 125 linear foot project costs $3,164.90, with a range of $2,403.46 to $3,926.35. To install a privacy fence, Lawn Starter estimates that the price should range between $1,788 and $6,961 with an average cost of $4,375. Of …May 6, 2023 · Set Fence Posts in Concrete. Board-and-stringer fence: Fill the hole with two bags of ready-mix concrete. Adjust the post so it is plumb. Fill the hole with water. Brace the post on two sides with scrap two-by-fours. Check once again for plumb before moving on to the rest of the posts. How much does fence repair cost? $100 – $200 Cost to fix holes, cracks, missing boards/slats. $250 – $750 Cost to replace posts & panels or fix leaning. The average cost to fix a fence is $250 to $750. Replacing a fence post costs $120 to $400. Repairing a leaning fence costs $250 to $600. Replacing fence panels costs $150 to $400.Our chain link fences come in a variety of colors as well, so you can make your chain link fence feel like your own. Chain link fences can range in price dramatically depending on their height, but you can generally expect to pay somewhere in the range of $50 to $140 per linear foot depending on the style and height of the fence.For your project in zip code 23917 with these options, the cost to install a fence starts at $18.47-$30.17 per linear foot. Your actual price will depend on job size, conditions, finish options you choose. A fence offers a lot to your home. It not only separates the property line but also provides an aesthetic and added privacy …If you’re looking for a privacy fence that also offers security, go for a corrugated metal fence. These DIY-friendly fences are easy to install, completely private, and resistant to rust, as most corrugated metal panels list galvanized steel as a key material. Corrugated metal fences cost $7 to $13 per linear foot. Many homeowners combine ...ear privacy fence. fence hardware. grain pattern. ground use. high grading standard. highest grading standards. install panel. outdoor space. pine lumber. pine wood. pre-assembled panel . privacy fence. privacy screen. red cedar french. single panel. smooth texture. stair support post. western red cedar fencing. western red. 2 backer rails. 2 …Denver Fence Company: From Basic To Custom Privacy Fences, We've Got You Covered · Pricing · Calculating the Cost · Contractors & Ranchers | Is Privacy...In many cases, a vinyl privacy fence costs more than vinyl picket fences because they will require more material. Fence panel size. An 8-foot panel may cost more than 6-foot panels, but you may save more in total because you'll require fewer fence posts. Fence height. The taller your fence, the more material …Privacy fence cost comparison detailing how much a privacy fence costs, including average cost to install 6f.t. & 8f.t. wood, composite & vinyl fences.Apr 28, 2021 · Price per linear foot: $10 – $35 (up to $60 for high-end grades and styles) Aluminum/steel fences. National average: $3,751. Average price range: $2,199 – $5,448. Price per linear foot: $17 – $90. Largest cost factors: Height, style, strength, and difficulty of installation. Wrought iron fences. Fence Estimator. Quickly design your fence project and get any information about it you want such as material cost, material list, estimated installation cost, quotes and more. Start right now, no login or sign up required. Below are the wood fence material options. For now you are just selecting the material type.Mar 15, 2021 · A fence can cost between $1000 and $7500. Find out how much professional fence installation or fence material costs in your city. Includes pictures, cost averages, tips for do-it-yourselfers and advice on how to hire a company. Aug 12, 2022 · Typical Range: $1,159 to $3,022. National Average: $2,090. Whether you’re looking to contain pets or children, create privacy from passersby, or provide protection around a pool or garden, chain ... Apr 28, 2021 · You may be wondering how much a privacy fence costs. Online, you may find nationwide estimates ranging from $15 to $55 per linear foot. In truth, with the wide variety of fence material options and choices available, along with increasing material costs…. You may be looking at something closer to $21 to $40 per linear foot for wood privacy. 100 linear feet: $2,300. 150 linear feet: $3,600. 300 linear feet: $6,900. This all comes out to an average cost per linear foot for fence installation of between $6 and $50, depending on the material, with an average per-linear-foot cost of $23. The table below includes some average pricing for a fence based on your land’s …Vinyl fence cost. Vinyl fencing costs $30 to $60 per linear foot installed on average or $6,000 to $12,000 total for 200 linear feet, depending on the fence type and height. Installing a vinyl privacy fence costs $40 to $85 per linear foot. Vinyl fence pricing is $25 to $45 per linear foot for materials alone. Vinyl …1 Apr 2015 ... Anonymous wrote: $22/ft and up. This is the cost of materials for what OP is describing. Add a day's labor ...Cons: Doesn't lend to privacy. Deer Fence Cost. Deer fencing costs $600 to $900 for a typical backyard and will be around $4 to $6 per foot. For larger properties and acreage, expect to pay closer to $5,000 to $8,000. This option consists of a very strong, tight mesh and people consider it a safe way to keep deer off your …When it comes to enhancing the security and privacy of your property, a quality fence is essential. If you’re in search of a local fence company in your area, there are several fac...R1500 to R2500 per metre for semi-private fencing. Individual privacy fencing costs between R1500 to R2900 per metre. If you want to alter an existing fence or install a new fence you should consider a PVC fence. Below you will find a guide on how much PVC fencing cost and if PVC fencing is right for your application.Learn how much a privacy fence costs to install in 2024, based on data from Angi. Compare prices for different fence materials, heights, lengths, …Only solid privacy fences of wood, cast-iron, or vinyl have a 50% ROI resale value. DIY chain-link fence installation cost A DIY chain-link fence costs $4 to $15 per linear foot for materials plus $600+ for tools and $100 to $160 per day for equipment rental.The cost of a fence installation: National average cost. $1,501. Average cost range. $850-$2,459. High-end cost range. $6,889-$8,902. If you're thinking about building a fence in your front yard or backyard, keep reading to learn more about the costs involved. Once you understand everything there is to know about fence costs, you'll be ready to ...14 Apr 2021 ... In general, a homeowner or property owner can expect to spend $10-$75 per linear foot of fence depending on the material. For vinyl fencing, you ...Estimated Cost: $500 to $800. Building a DIY privacy fence can alleviate the challenge of living in close proximity to neighbors or busy public … January 2024. Wood Privacy Fence Installation Calculator. Zip Code. Linear Feet. In January 2024 the cost to Install a Wood Privacy Fence starts at $29.13 - $46.56 per linear foot. Use our Cost Calculator for cost estimate examples customized to the location, size and options of your project. To estimate costs for your project: 1. The average cost for a home privacy fence sits at around $2,400 as of 2018. Inexpensive options can be found for as little as $3 a linear foot for mesh options, while wood or vinyl fencing can cost $20 to $30 per linear foot.Boydton, VA. How much does fence installation cost? $20 – $60 cost per linear foot installed. $4,000 – $12,000 average cost to build (200 linear …19 Feb 2020 ... Add a comment... 8:08 · Go to channel · The Average Cost To Install Wood Fence In 2024! Joe Everest•4.2K views · 4:15 · Go to channel &m...The average cost to build a brick a stone wall is $3,000 to $9,000 or $80 to $480 per linear foot. A brick wall or fence costs $15 to $45 per square foot, depending on the thickness and style. A stone wall costs $20 to $75 per square foot. An interior stone accent wall costs $10 to $45 per square foot.Fence Estimator. Quickly design your fence project and get any information about it you want such as material cost, material list, estimated installation cost, quotes and more. Start right now, no login or sign up required. Below are the wood fence material options. For now you are just selecting the material type.The current average privacy fence installation cost on the market is about $25 per linear foot of fence. The cheaper fences are running around $14 per linear foot and more expensive ones at $36, but note that these prices change regularly, especially with inflation. However these are just the averages. There are many other things …Installing a privacy fence costs $13 to $32 per linear foot, including labor and materials. The average cost is $23. The total cost to install a fence of …Vinyl fence materials range in price based on the style of fence, height of the fence, and quality of materials. The average 6′ vinyl privacy fence costs $25-$35 per foot. Get an estimate for your fence installation from a local installation pro. If you know how much material you need, you can easily estimate the price of a vinyl fence.The average cost to install a fence is between $1,760 and $4,500. These costs are what an average homeowner spends, but you might spend more or less depending on several factors. For a smaller DIY project, you might get away with spending as little as $430, or for a much larger project (like fencing for a 5-acre yard), you can …To install a privacy fence, Lawn Starter estimates that the price should range between $1,788 and $6,961 with an average cost of $4,375. Of course, these figures largely depend on the style and size of the fence you choose. Of the available options, a stockade privacy fence is the most popular. Columbus …Wood privacy fence cost. Wood privacy fence costs around $14 – $31 per linear foot in the fence industry. It’s a great material that adds great privacy and security to the client’s area compared to the wood picket cost. The style and wood choice can vary the final quote offered to the client.A privacy fence stands at 6 feet tall and costs $22 to $34 per linear foot with labor. These fences offer just the right amount of privacy for most people. However, if you want even more privacy, you can spring for 6 ½- to 7-foot tall fencing, which can cost as much as $45 per linear foot .That being said, on average, vinyl fence panels cost about $18 to $22 per square foot right now. This doesn’t include other materials, just the fence panels. The average overall cost of having a vinyl fence installed was about $4,500. The range is between $3,200 and $5,500. Again, this costs completely depends on the type of vinyl fence you ...Vinyl fence cost. Vinyl fencing costs $30 to $60 per linear foot installed on average or $6,000 to $12,000 total for 200 linear feet, depending on the fence type and height. Installing a vinyl privacy fence costs $40 to $85 per linear foot. Vinyl fence pricing is $25 to $45 per linear foot for materials alone. Vinyl …Most companies use smooth-cut cedar because it is more cost-effective. We use 2×4 rails instead of 2×3 because they are thicker, last longer and are more resistant to deterioration. Posts . The metal posts that we use for our privacy fences are heavy gauge, galvanized steel posts. The posts for an 8′ fence are set 6 ft apart, and 3 ft (36 ...The average cost to install a wooden privacy fence is $17 to $22 per linear foot. However, a wood fence costs can vary significantly depending on the type of wood used, the size and height of the fence, and the complexity of the installation. For example, installing a 6-foot tall privacy fence made of redwood may cost around … Divide the fence length by the total picket/board width to get the number of pickets needed. For example, let’s find the number of pickets needed for a 100′ fence using a 5-½” picket with a 2″ spacing. 5.5″ picket width + 2″ spacing = 7.5″ combined width. 100′ length × 12″ = 1200″ length. Here is a breakdown of the costs that may be associated with your privacy fence project: The average cost across the country is $6,375. The typical price range is $4,788 to $12,961 dollars. $3,400 is the very bottom of the barrel. $18,250 is the very top of the range. Most homeowners in the United States may anticipate to pay between $4,788 …For your project in zip code 23917 with these options, the cost to install a fence starts at $18.47-$30.17 per linear foot. Your actual price will depend on job size, conditions, finish options you choose. A fence offers a lot to your home. It not only separates the property line but also provides an aesthetic and added privacy …The privacy fence cost to install one that is 209 linear feet long could cost between $2,000 and $10,000. Half of this is labor costs, including the wood used and the height. Per foot, installation costs are $10.00 per foot, and it can range between $12.00 and $20.00.Oct 13, 2023 · The average cost for privacy fence materials with installation to be roughly $4,000-5,700 for a basic 6′ ft. vinyl privacy fence. Exotic hardwood privacy fences will cost you roughly $6,000-$7,600.00 range. Composite fencing will run you somewhere in the $7,600-$9,000 range. 4″x 4″ posts will cost roughly $20-$50.00 each. Installing a fence around your property is a great way to enhance privacy, security, and curb appeal. However, before you dive into the project, it’s important to understand the po...6-foot privacy fence. $19-$22 per linear foot. Basic vinyl fence installation. $25–$35 per linear foot. Decorative fence installation with specialty detail. up to $50 per linear foot. 6-foot (195 linear feet), white vinyl privacy fence. $8,000. 4-foot (36 linear feet), contemporary, white picket vinyl fence.Instant Fence Quote. To give you an accurate quote, we request your correct contact and shipping information. On the next page, you will have the ability to customize your dream fence and see a preliminary price estimate for your project. If the price fits within range, please click the “Finalize Quote” button to finalize your project’s ...A fenced-in yard lets your pup run around, play, and sniff all the smells, all while keeping them safe. Choosing the best fence for your dog ultimately comes down to your yard, your dog’s needs, and, of course, your budget. With the cost to install a dog fence between $1,500 and $8,000, it’s important to do your homework before writing a ...How much it costs to install a privacy fence depends on the material, fence height, yard size, and yard slope. The average cost is $4,300, but the price tag may be as low as $1,800 for a smaller yard or as high as $8,000 for a larger yard. You can expect to pay less for a wood privacy fence than for vinyl. A …The cost of a privacy fence typically ranges from $1,788 to $6,961, with a national average price of about $4,375. See Pricing in Your Area. Most …Cost to Install a Wood Fence Per Linear Foot. The average cost to install a wood fence is between $6 and $13 per linear foot for the materials alone and $14 to $35 with labor, though some high-end ...Instant Fence Quote. To give you an accurate quote, we request your correct contact and shipping information. On the next page, you will have the ability to customize your dream fence and see a preliminary price estimate for your project. If the price fits within range, please click the “Finalize Quote” button to finalize your project’s ...The average labor cost to install a wood fence ranges from $17 to $45 per linear foot. Labor rates will vary by the type of materials you choose, site prep, and your location. In addition to labor, you’ll also want to plan for permits, a land surveyor, and the cost of lawn regrading. Fence building permit cost: $200–$600.Expect to pay $10 to $75 per linear foot for a 3- to 4-foot-tall fence, including professional installation. Depending on the wood type, structure height, and ...3 Feb 2022 ... How Much Does a 6' Wood Privacy Fence Cost to Install - The price of my 180 feet of Wooden Fencing ... - Privacy Fence Cost EXPLAINED. Joe Everest ...Jan 24, 2022 · Installing a privacy fence costs $13 to $32 per linear foot, including labor and materials.The average cost is $23.The total cost to install a fence of this type depends on the materials you choose, whether you opt for a shadowbox or solid privacy fence, and if you want any extra features. EverbiltExpandable Chain Link 6 ft. W x 4 ft. H Galvanized Steel Fence Gate Kit. Add to Cart. Compare. Expert Installation Available. $10900. ( 75) Model# 308704EB.The calculator works with all sizes ranging from 4-foot fences to 6′ and 8 foot privacy fences. Various Fence Colors. Whether you want a standard white vinyl fence or a more decorative black vinyl fence, this estimator can calculate the cost for you. Optional Fence Features. Walk-through vinyl fence gates, drive …The cheapest fence you can install is wire fencing at $2 per foot on average, while a 6-foot high wood privacy fence costs $13 to $25 per linear foot, …Vinyl fencing typically costs between $15 and $40 per linear foot. Some high-end options are more expensive, sometimes running up to $60 per linear foot. Including labor, most homeowners can expect to pay between $2,200 and $6,100 for a new vinyl fence. However, you could pay less than $1,500 or over $12,000, depending on the material quality ...Why is the Cost of Concrete Fences & Walls So Affordable? Longevity. One of the main factors that make this product affordable is its longevity. Permacast concrete fencing or privacy walls are weather resistant and can handle the strongest of winds, up to 250 mph, moisture from rainy seasons, pressure from ice and snow, and the sun’s constant ...Over time, as a wood privacy fence depreciates and maintenance increases, you may end up paying twice the cost of the wood privacy fence. Then, once the life of the wood fence ends, consider the costs of yanking it out and starting over. The bottom line is that the additional difference in price to purchase a vinyl fence is well worth it.Most homeowners will pay between $1,500 and $3,500 for a new split rail fence, with a national average of about $2,800 across materials. The number of rails and material used will also affect the final project cost. Redwood, cedar and pine will cost less than vinyl. Metal materials will cost more than vinyl.National average cost: $3,222. Typical price range: $1,996 - $4,448. Extreme low end: $839. Extreme high end: $7,489. Most homeowners will pay between $1,996 and $4,448 for a wood fence installation, including all materials and labor costs. Those numbers aren't accurate for everyone, though. The average cost for a chain-link fence is $2,367 or between $1,293 and $3,546. A basic DIY fence may cost only $500, but you could pay over $5,000 or up to $40 per linear foot for a tall, thick-gauge fence. Chain-link fencing is a relatively affordable, low-maintenance option, and handy homeowners may be able to install or repair it themselves. 14 Jun 2023 ... Why Do Fence Posts Rot and Break - Wood Fencing ... How To Build & Install A Wood Privacy Fence Yourself! ... Cost And Material Comparisons Between ...Only doing left and right side fence as well as a standard gate. Rear fence not needed as we have a black chain link fence there as it backs onto a forest. Standard suburban home, smaller lot. It’s a total of 80 linear ft. 6x6 posts, privacy fence with pressure treated wood. Im in the Greater Toronto Area and quotes are coming in …Most companies use smooth-cut cedar because it is more cost-effective. We use 2×4 rails instead of 2×3 because they are thicker, last longer and are more resistant to deterioration. Posts . The metal posts that we use for our privacy fences are heavy gauge, galvanized steel posts. The posts for an 8′ fence are set 6 ft apart, and 3 ft (36 ...
9 May 2020 ... FB ZMAX Galvanized Fence Rail Bracket for 2x4 Nominal Lumber https://www.homedepot.com/p/100375311.. The maze runner where to watch
For example, a basic wooden privacy fence typically costs between $11 and $20 per linear foot, depending on the quality of the material and the height of the fence. Vinyl fences can be more expensive, ranging from $25 to $30 per linear foot, while aluminum and steel fences can cost up to $40 per linear foot. ...Installing a privacy fence costs $13 to $32 per linear foot, including labor and materials. The average cost is $23. The total cost to install a fence of …Vinyl fence materials range in price based on the style of fence, height of the fence, and quality of materials. The average 6′ vinyl privacy fence costs $25-$35 per foot. Get an estimate for your fence installation from a local installation pro. If you know how much material you need, you can easily estimate the price of a vinyl fence.For your project in zip code 23917 with these options, the cost to install a chain link fence starts at $14.13-$22.69 per linear foot. Your actual price will depend on job size, conditions, finish options you choose. The cost of chain link fencing is small compared to the durability of the material. Designed to stand the …Wood privacy fences tend to cost anywhere from about $10 to $30 per linear foot, depending on the type of wood. For a backyard with 150 linear feet, that works out to $1,500 to $4,500.Cheaper woods such as pressure-treated pine fall on the low end of that range, while premium woods like cedar fall on the high end.Install a Vinyl Fence: national average cost. The national average materials vinyl fence cost is $18.65 per linear foot, with a range between $16.46 to $20.83. The total price for labor and materials per linear foot is $29.34, coming in between $23.70 to $34.97.The cost to install a 6 foot tall privacy or wooden stockade fence is generally between $25 – $45 per linear foot, when installed by a fence installer near you. If you are a DIY …Design Your Fence With Lowe’s. A fence with gates is a great way to mark boundaries and add privacy on your property. At Lowe’s, we have everything you need for both permanent and temporary fencing — available in materials to suit any taste and at prices for any budget. The price of fencing varies greatly by material.National average cost: $3,440. Typical price range: $1,330 to $5,550. Extreme low end: $400. Extreme high end: $10,000. A fence for a typical backyard in the U.S. will usually cost between $1,330 and $5,550. There are many factors that can raise or lower those numbers by thousands of dollars.National average cost: $3,222. Typical price range: $1,996 - $4,448. Extreme low end: $839. Extreme high end: $7,489. Most homeowners will pay between $1,996 and $4,448 for a wood fence installation, including all materials and labor costs. Those numbers aren't accurate for everyone, though.The average cost to install a fence is between $1,760 and $4,500. These costs are what an average homeowner spends, but you might spend more or less depending on several factors. For a smaller DIY project, you might get away with spending as little as $430, or for a much larger project (like fencing for a 5-acre yard), you can …Chain-Link Fence Installation Cost Factors. While the average cost is $2,365, there are some crucial factors that influence the cost for a chain link fence.Small fenced-in areas with 3-foot chain-link fences might cost you as little as $400, while enclosing an entire yard with a 6-foot chain-link fence fitted with …The cost to install a privacy fence ranges from $7 to $15 per linear foot, or $27 to $60 per linear foot including installation. Picket. Picket fences have many vertical boards and are typically 3 ...May 6, 2023 · Set Fence Posts in Concrete. Board-and-stringer fence: Fill the hole with two bags of ready-mix concrete. Adjust the post so it is plumb. Fill the hole with water. Brace the post on two sides with scrap two-by-fours. Check once again for plumb before moving on to the rest of the posts. 9 Aug 2017 ... Hey guys, so I bought my first house this past November. One of the first projects I wanted to tackle was replacing my ugly chain link fence ...Jan 18, 2024 · The cost of a fence enclosing a 100-square-meter square lot starts from around $1,000 up to $3,000. The cost of fences varies depending on their total length, height, and specifications; where fences can have supporting posts spaced (for example, 2.0 meters to 3.0 meters), have different widths and spacing of picket slats, have multiple layers of rails, and have varying volumes of concrete ... Fence Shade Cloth. A shade cloth adds privacy and protection to a chain link or metal fence. The average cost is around $200 for 60 feet of coverage. Fence Screen. A fence screen is a screen (usually a thick black mesh) that is attached to your fence for privacy. Fence screens can be a cost-effective way to keep nosy neighbors from ….