As a term, "coryneform ("club-shaped") bacteria" is sometimes used to denote a wide range of Gram-positive rods based on staining characteristics and DNA content (specific G/C ratios). Corynebacterium spp. included, but also others ( Arcanobacterium, Rothia mucilaginosa). Non-diphtherial species also referred to as "diphtheroids."To access uCentral, please Sign In with your registered account or visit this page while connected to your institution’s network. uCentral is Unbound Medicine’s app + web solution for healthcare institutions — delivering evidence-based answers to clinicians and students at the point of need.Gram-negative, aerobic, motile bacilli of the Enterobacteriaceae family that ferments lactose and forms mucoid colonies. Twenty-two species belong to the Enterobacter genus. [11] Enterobacter spp. are commensals of the human gut and are commonly found in water, sewage, and soil.Johns Hopkins POC-IT Guides. This series of comprehensive references, created by the experts at Johns Hopkins Medicine, is updated monthly and organized to let clinicians easily find information at the point-of-care. Compare pricing. Official website of the Johns Hopkins Antibiotic (ABX), HIV, Diabetes, and Psychiatry Guides, powered by Unbound ...Access the entire. ABX Guide through the mobile app and any web browser. Johns Hopkins Guides Bundle (ABX, HIV, Diabetes, Psych) $ 79 .95. 1 year subscription. Shop now. Save 33% by combining all four Guides in one convenient app and website. Free sample topics including COVID-19 resources.P. jiroveci (formerly identified as P. carinii and pronounced " yee row vet zee”) cause of disease in humans. P. carinii and P. wakefieldiae infect rats, and P. murina infects mice. Other species infect a range of animals (e.g. rabbits, sheep, monkeys, aquatic mammals). Predominant forms (>90% in the lungs), multiply through binary fission ..."The Johns Hopkins Antibiotic Guidelines were developed in 2002 and have been revised and expanded annually. These guidelines are evidenced-based, standardized recommendations …Access up-to-date medical information for less than $1 a week. Purchase a subscription I’m already a subscriber. Browse sample topics. Paronychia answers are found in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide powered by Unbound Medicine. Available for iPhone, iPad, Android, and Web.Database List By Format: New Databases ... Displaying databases filtered by New_Databases. View all types. Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins ABX ( ...Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1, HSV-2): members of the Herpes DNA virus family, Herpesviridae, aka Human Herpes Virus 1 and 2 (HHV-1 and HHV-2). After primary infection, the virus establishes latency in neurons, with potential for reactivation--usually near the site of initial acquisition. Viral culture: obtain fresh cells or fluid from ...Exacerbations of COPD classifications: Mild: treated with short-acting bronchodilators (SABDs), only. Moderate: SABD + antibiotics +/- oral corticosteroids. Severe: requires hospitalization or ED visit, includes respiratory failure. Significant AECB flare: need all 3 (see below) Increased sputum production.Definition: though a general term for inflammation, cellulitis in this module means a spreading bacterial infection of the skin. Erysipelas: superficial, sharply demarcated--nearly always group A Streptococcus. Cellulitis: deeper (subcutaneous) than erysipelas. Most cases are due to group A Streptococcus, but other streptococci are …Diphtheria caused only by exotoxin-producing strains of C. diphtheriae. Three Corynebacterium strains may produce diphtheria toxin: C. diphtheriae (epidemic diphtheria w/ person-person spread) C. ulcerans. C. pseudotuberculosis. Both C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis are less common and associated with farm/dairy contacts.Johns Hopkins POC-IT Guides. This series of comprehensive references, created by the experts at Johns Hopkins Medicine, is updated monthly and organized to let clinicians easily find information at the point-of-care. Compare pricing. Official website of the Johns Hopkins Antibiotic (ABX), HIV, Diabetes, and Psychiatry Guides, powered by Unbound ...H. pylori is intrinsically resistant to sulfonamides, trimethoprim and vancomycin. Metronidazole resistance is estimated at 22-39%, 37% commonly cited in U.S. populations. Clarithromycin resistance is ~11-12%; in some studies, up to 24%. Amoxicillin or tetracycline resistance remains less common.Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus, the predominant bacterial pathogen) Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Arcanobacterium haemolyticum (can mimic S. pyogenes, most often in college-aged students, also accompanied by diffuse macular rash) Bordetella pertussis. Streptococci: other including Group C, Group F, Group G. …Outpatient antibiotic therapy (OPAT) answers are found in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide powered by Unbound Medicine. Available for iPhone, iPad, Android, and Web.Lymphoma is a group of different cancers, which are known as pulmonary lymphoma when these cancers occur in the lungs, according to John Hopkins Medicine.FDA. All forms of tuberculosis. Treatment of asymptomatic carriers of Neisseria meningitidis to eliminate meningococci from the nasopharynx. Rifampin is used to reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and other antibacterial drugs--used only to treat or prevent infections proven or strongly suggested to be caused by bacteria.Jun 16, 2017 ... ... Antibiotic Stewardship Program at Johns Hopkins Hospital, which guides clinicians through making wise antibiotic choices. Tamma adds that ...For the first time, the FDA has provided data that breaks down the amounts of the drugs used by agricultural-animal species. American farmers are starting to cut back on the amount...Medicine Matters Sharing successes, challenges and daily happenings in the Department of Medicine Travel is back! This full overview for the Johns Hopkins Travel Program is for adm...Diphtheria caused only by exotoxin-producing strains of C. diphtheriae. Three Corynebacterium strains may produce diphtheria toxin: C. diphtheriae (epidemic diphtheria w/ person-person spread) C. ulcerans. C. pseudotuberculosis. Both C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis are less common and associated with farm/dairy contacts.Note: ampicillin is not recommended to be used for empirically for the treatment of cystitis by IDSA guidelines due to its poor efficacy and the very high prevalence of …Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that affects approximately 7.5 million people in the U.S., according to Johns Hopkins Medicine. While the exact cause of psoriasis is unknown,...It is not a comprehensive listing, but azithromycin is commonly employed in the following: Babesiosis (in combination with atovaquone) Bartonella. Diarrhea. Including Campylobacte r, traveler’s diarrhea, Shigella. Toxoplasmosis (with pyrimethamine) Meningococcal meningitis prophylaxis. Falciparum malaria (in combination with …To access uCentral, please Sign In with your registered account or visit this page while connected to your institution’s network. uCentral is Unbound Medicine’s app + web solution for healthcare institutions — delivering evidence-based answers to clinicians and students at the point of need.Xacduro is a co-packaged product containing sulbactam, a beta-lactam antibiotic and beta-lactamase inhibitor, with durlobactam, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, that is approved for use in patients 18 years of age and older for the management of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) or ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by …Oxacillin answers are found in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide powered by Unbound Medicine. Available for iPhone, iPad, Android, and Web.Including peritonitis and intra-abdominal abscess (IDSA guidelines: mild-moderate community-acquired infections only) Septicemia caused by S. pneumoniae, S. aureus (MSSA), E. coli, Klebsiella species, and Bacteroides species including B. fragilis (author’s comment: not a first-line agent for anaerobes, should confirm susceptibility) …Johns Hopkins POC-IT Guides. This series of comprehensive references, created by the experts at Johns Hopkins Medicine, is updated monthly and organized to let clinicians easily find information at the point-of-care. Compare pricing. Official website of the Johns Hopkins Antibiotic (ABX), HIV, Diabetes, and Psychiatry Guides, powered by …Adults. For drug-susceptible TB, typically four drugs are used for 8 weeks; then, using susceptibilities, reduce to 2 or 3 drugs (usually INH + RIF) used for the balance of duration. Initial therapy: four-drug therapy standard (RIPE), all are oral and dosed daily. RIF 10mg/kg (600mg max)Miconazole answers are found in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide powered by Unbound Medicine. Available for iPhone, iPad, Android, and Web.Adults. For drug-susceptible TB, typically four drugs are used for 8 weeks; then, using susceptibilities, reduce to 2 or 3 drugs (usually INH + RIF) used for the balance of duration. Initial therapy: four-drug therapy standard (RIPE), all are oral and dosed daily. RIF 10mg/kg (600mg max)Fungi: (e.g., Candida spp) are less common. In community-acquired infections, the major pathogens are Enterobacterales and anaerobes. In healthcare-associated infections or recent broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure, yeast, enterococci, resistant Gram-negative organisms, and Staphylococcus aureus may be seen. There's …Nov 2, 2022 ... Antibiotic guidelines 2015-2016. Johns Hopkins. Medicines. Available from: http://www. insidehopkinsmedicine.org/amp. Pneumonia. UTI. Meningitis.Access to the full guidelines for Hopkins providers can be found on the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program Intranet . Syndrome Specific: Bacterial Urinary Tract Infection, Cellulitis, …Access up-to-date medical information for less than $1 a week. Purchase a subscription I’m already a subscriber. Browse sample topics. Otitis Externa answers are found in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide powered by Unbound Medicine. Available for iPhone, iPad, Android, and Web.If infectious, frequently polymicrobial. Leading pathogens: Gram Negatives: Enterobacterales: E. coli, Klebsiella species, Enterobacter species. Pseudomonas species are more common in hospital-acquired infections but also associated with community-acquired cholecystitis. Gram Positives: Enterococcus. Anaerobes: Clostridium and …... Antibiotic Awareness Week in Geneva (November 18 – 24, 2019). This year's deadline to apply is September 16. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthA meta-analysis that mainly includes studies from the 1970s and 1980s; argues for using CSF lactate to help distinguish aseptic from bacterial meningitis with 93% sensitivity and 96% specificity. Utility diminished (sensitivity 49%) if antibiotics were administered before LP.Pneumonia, Community-acquired (Pediatric) View topics in the Diagnosis Respiratory Pneumonia section of Johns Hopkins Guides. Official website of the Johns Hopkins Antibiotic (ABX), HIV, Diabetes, and Psychiatry Guides, powered by Unbound Medicine. Johns Hopkins Guide App for iOS, iPhone, iPad, and Android included.Aerobic, gram-negative (GN) rod, E. coli is a member of Enterobacteriaceae: human strains may be: (1) commensal bowel flora; (2) intestinal pathogenic (enteric/diarrheagenic); (3) extra-intestinal pathogenic. The predominant gram negative in the composition of normal human colonic flora. Motile, flagellated, non-spore-forming.Clostridium difficile. Diarrhea, Antibiotic-Associated. Diarrhea, Nosocomial. View topics in the All Topics C Colitis section of Johns Hopkins Guides. Official website of the Johns Hopkins Antibiotic (ABX), HIV, Diabetes, and Psychiatry Guides, powered by Unbound Medicine. Johns Hopkins Guide App for iOS, iPhone, iPad, and Android included.OPAT: defined as the use of parenteral antibiotics outside of the acute care setting. Typically home nurses perform education on first initiation of home-based OPAT and then return to the home weekly for assessments, laboratory test draws, venous catheter dressing changes. In the home by home nursing professionals (unusual in the U.S.)... (Antibiotic), JH HIV, JH Osler, JH Psychiatry and JH Diabetes Guides. Dr. Auwaerter serves as Editor-in-Chief of the ABX Guide. ... Johns Hopkins Medical ...If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file. Author, Johns Hopkins.Endocarditis due to Staphylococcus aureus. In injection drug users. In Q fever. Prophylaxis. Prosthetic valve. View topics in the All Topics E Endocarditis section of Johns Hopkins Guides. Official website of the Johns Hopkins Antibiotic (ABX), HIV, Diabetes, and Psychiatry Guides, powered by Unbound Medicine.If an infection develops after aspiration, oral flora (including streptococcal species) is a consideration. For hospitalized or recently antibiotic-treated people, add Gram negatives to the consideration. Anaerobic bacteria: B. melaninogenicus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Peptostreptococcus, and others. Hospital-acquired bacteria: …What antibiotics can help treat respiratory infections? Visit HowStuffWorks to learn what kinds of antibiotics can help treat respiratory infections. Advertisement The over-prescri...Cefazolin answers are found in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide powered by Unbound Medicine. Available for iPhone, iPad, Android, and Web.Note: ampicillin is not recommended to be used for empirically for the treatment of cystitis by IDSA guidelines due to its poor efficacy and the very high prevalence of …The Johns Hopkins Antibiotic Guide is an evidence-based decision resource for antibiotic prescribing. It is updated monthly and available online, on mobile devices, and in print.PATHOGENS. In 80-90% of brain abscesses, multiple organisms are recovered by culture (even more with molecular techniques). Streptococci are the most common single organisms identified (30-50%), but anaerobic or other aerobic organisms can predominate. Gram negatives are more common in infants. Early infection = cerebritis, …Eikenella corrodens is the primary human pathogen. Other species members described as rarely causing human illness are E. halliae sp. nov., and E. exigua sp. nov. Often found as a component of mixed infections. Member of the HACEK group of endocarditis -associated bacteria ( Haemophilus spp., Actinobacillus, Cardiobacterium, …The Johns Hopkins ABX Guide features up-to-date, authoritative, evidenced-based information on the treatment of infectious diseases to help you make decisions at the …OK, we dig National Donut Day, too. But what's up with "holidays" like Oreo Day, Froot Loop Day, and Tater Tot Day? One food blogger can explain all. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree ...P. jiroveci (formerly identified as P. carinii and pronounced " yee row vet zee”) cause of disease in humans. P. carinii and P. wakefieldiae infect rats, and P. murina infects mice. Other species infect a range of animals (e.g. rabbits, sheep, monkeys, aquatic mammals). Predominant forms (>90% in the lungs), multiply through binary fission ...Nov 2, 2022 ... Antibiotic guidelines 2015-2016. Johns Hopkins. Medicines. Available from: http://www. insidehopkinsmedicine.org/amp. Pneumonia. UTI. Meningitis.Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, agent of Lyme disease (LD) in North America. Other strains may cause LD in regions outside the U.S., e.g. B. garinii, B. afzelii in Europe. These species may not trigger positive U.S. 2-tier Lyme serologic assays but are better detected by Lyme C6 or Vlse antibody testing. There's more to see -- the rest of …Can be identified by a characteristic fatty acid profile on gas chromatography. Normal commensal of rodent oropharynx, even healthy pets and laboratory rats. The risk of infection after a rat bite may be as high as 10%. It may also be transmitted to humans by bite/scratch from mice, squirrels, cats, dogs, or pigs.May 8, 2014 ... I was wondering what abx guides people use. I have the Hopkins app (free through my school) but I've heard good things about Sanford.Johns Hopkins ABX (Antibiotic) Guide Antibiotic resource featuring frequently updated, authoritative, evidenced-based information on the treatment of infectious diseases. Use it to choose correct drugs and dosages, review risks of potential adverse reactions or interactions, discover or confirm diagnoses with details on …Johns Hopkins ABX (Antibiotic) Guide. Antibiotic resource featuring frequently updated, authoritative, evidenced-based information on the treatment of infectious diseases.ACIP emphasizes the importance of administering 2 doses of vaccine to all children aged 6 months to 8 years if they have not been vaccinated previously at any time with either live, attenuated influenza vaccine. LAIV: doses separated by >6 weeks. IIV: doses separated by >4 weeks.A meta-analysis that mainly includes studies from the 1970s and 1980s; argues for using CSF lactate to help distinguish aseptic from bacterial meningitis with 93% sensitivity and 96% specificity. Utility diminished (sensitivity 49%) if antibiotics were administered before LP.Lymphoma is a group of different cancers, which are known as pulmonary lymphoma when these cancers occur in the lungs, according to John Hopkins Medicine.Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus, the predominant bacterial pathogen) Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Arcanobacterium haemolyticum (can mimic S. pyogenes, most often in college-aged students, also accompanied by diffuse macular rash) Bordetella pertussis. Streptococci: other including Group C, Group F, Group G. …Part of the family Alcaligenaceae in the Burkholderiales order. May grow anaerobically. Motile, has peritrichous (meaning evenly distributed) flagella. Has been cultured using MacConkey, Mueller-Hinton, NAC and Salmonella - Shigella agars. Found widely in the environment, including soil and waters fresh and brackish.Streptomycin answers are found in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide powered by Unbound Medicine. Available for iPhone, iPad, Android, and Web.Short-term treatment of infections caused by E. coli, Proteus species (indole-positive and indole-negative), Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, and Acinetobacter species. Note: other aminoglycosides, including gentamicin, tobramycin, and/or amikacin, are preferred in this setting.Johns Hopkins Hospital Therapeutic Guidance (PDF document) (updated 1/18/2024) is available with frequent updates for a complete discussion of the risks/benefits of FDA-approved, investigational and off-label medications for COVID-19.; Criteria for Identifying High-Risk Individuals: treatment for outpatients limited to those with medical …The program provides evidence-based, standardized recommendations for antibiotic use at Johns Hopkins hospitals and outpatient settings. The guidelines cover antimicrobial …Acute bacterial sinusitis (ABS) Use for AECB and ABS indications should be avoided for routine use due recent FDA warning (Black Box warning) regarding serious and potentially permanent side effects (tendonitis and tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, and CNS side effects). FDA safety warning regarding fluoroquinolone use.Renal perfusion is a term used to describe blood flow to the kidneys and is commonly assessed with a test called renal scintigraphy. This test helps determine how well blood is del...FDA. Xacduro is a co-packaged product containing sulbactam, a beta-lactam antibiotic and beta-lactamase inhibitor, with durlobactam, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, that is approved for use in patients 18 years of age and older for the management of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) or ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by …NON-FDA APPROVED USES. Rezafungin is currently being investigated for prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant. There's more to see -- the rest of this topic is available only to subscribers. Last updated: November 13, 2023. Grapherence® [↑4]Access up-to-date medical information for less than $1 a week. Purchase a subscription I’m already a subscriber. Browse sample topics. Surgical prophylaxis answers are found in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide powered by Unbound Medicine. Available for iPhone, iPad, Android, and Web.Classic definition: (Petersdorf and Beson, Medicine, 1961 [27]) Fever > 38.3°C. Illness > 3 weeks. Negative evaluation with hospital workup for > 1 week. Modern definition: Temperature > 38.3°C for > 3 wks duration without a diagnosis despite 2 outpatient visits or 3 hospital days. There's more to see -- the rest of this topic is available ...Skin and soft tissue infections. Erythrasma. Acute inflammatory pelvic disease, uncomplicated urethral, endocervical, or rectal infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. Ophthalmic formulation: Blepharitis. Conjunctivitis. Prophylaxis of ophthalmia neonatorum due to N. gonorrhoeae or C. trachomatis.Inflammatory disease around abnormal and dilated hair follicles with secondary involvement of apocrine glands and surrounding structures, often with superinfection. Genetic predisposition is possible; 40% have a family history of hidradenitis supperativa. Immune dysregulation in innate and adaptive immune pathways.IV drug use ( S. aureus, Pseudomonas, Serratia) Sickle cell ( Salmonella) Diabetes (Group B strep) Nail through sneaker ( Pseudomonas) Human bite ( Eikenella) Animal bite ( Pasteurella) Urinary tract infection or GU manipulation ( E.coli, Proteus, other Gram-negative bacilli) There's more to see -- the rest of this topic is available only to ...Pneumonia—Osler's "Captain of the Men of Death" and still the leading infectious cause of death in the United States—has until now received scant attention ...Access up-to-date medical information for less than $1 a week. Purchase a subscription I’m already a subscriber. Browse sample topics. Amoxicillin + Clavulanate answers are found in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide powered by Unbound Medicine. Available for iPhone, iPad, Android, and Web.Ceftriaxone answers are found in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide powered by Unbound Medicine. Available for iPhone, iPad, Android, and Web.
Medicine Matters Sharing successes, challenges and daily happenings in the Department of Medicine Travel is back! This full overview for the Johns Hopkins Travel Program is for adm.... America first national bank
View topics in the Antibiotics Antibacterial section of Johns Hopkins Guides. Official website of the Johns Hopkins Antibiotic (ABX), HIV, Diabetes, and Psychiatry Guides, powered by …Access up-to-date medical information for less than $1 a week. Purchase a subscription I’m already a subscriber. Browse sample topics. Fosfomycin answers are found in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide powered by Unbound Medicine. Available for iPhone, iPad, Android, and Web.FDA. Anaerobic infections: intra-abdominal infections, skin and skin structure infections, bone and joint infections. Bacterial septicemia; endocarditis (caused by Bacteroides spp .) Gynecologic infections ( endometritis, endomyometritis, tubo-ovarian abscess, and postsurgical vaginal cuff infection) in combination with agents active against ...Gram-negative infections caused by Y. pestis, F. tularensis, V. cholerae, C. fetus, Brucella spp., B. bacilliformis, C. granulomatis. Prophylaxis due to P. falciparum for short-term (< 4 months) travelers to regions with chloroquine- and/or pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine-resistant strains.To access uCentral, please Sign In with your registered account or visit this page while connected to your institution’s network. uCentral is Unbound Medicine’s app + web solution for healthcare …Influenza A accounted for most infections, while influenza B displayed minimal activity. Vaccine efficacy was 36% overall but ranged from 10% in those > 50 years to 51% in children 6 mos-8 years. 2022-2023, preliminary estimates by the CDC have figured 27-54 million flu illnesses, 12-26 million medical visits for flu, 300,000-650,000 flu ...Used properly, antibiotics can save lives by fighting bacterial infections. Read about how to use antibiotics and about when not to use antibiotics. Antibiotics are medicines that ...Inflammatory disease around abnormal and dilated hair follicles with secondary involvement of apocrine glands and surrounding structures, often with superinfection. Genetic predisposition is possible; 40% have a family history of hidradenitis supperativa. Immune dysregulation in innate and adaptive immune pathways.Fungi: (e.g., Candida spp) are less common. In community-acquired infections, the major pathogens are Enterobacterales and anaerobes. In healthcare-associated infections or recent broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure, yeast, enterococci, resistant Gram-negative organisms, and Staphylococcus aureus may be seen. There's …Johns Hopkins POC-IT Guides. This series of comprehensive references, created by the experts at Johns Hopkins Medicine, is updated monthly and organized to let clinicians easily find information at the point-of-care. Compare pricing. Official website of the Johns Hopkins Antibiotic (ABX), HIV, Diabetes, and Psychiatry Guides, powered by …Cytomegalovirus encephalitis. Cytomegalovirus pneumonia. Cytosine arabinoside. Cytovene. View topics in the All Topics C section of Johns Hopkins Guides. Official website of the Johns Hopkins Antibiotic (ABX), HIV, Diabetes, and Psychiatry Guides, powered by Unbound Medicine. Johns Hopkins Guide App for iOS, iPhone, iPad, and …Septic shock is a subset of sepsis in which underlying circulatory, cellular, and metabolic abnormalities are associated with a greater mortality risk than sepsis alone. [1] Both virulence of the pathogen and the host’s immunologic vulnerabilities determine the sepsis’s likelihood and outcome. Pathogens are associated with a site of ... Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. View topics in the All Topics A section of Johns Hopkins Guides. Official website of the Johns Hopkins Antibiotic (ABX), HIV, Diabetes, and Psychiatry Guides, powered by Unbound Medicine. Johns Hopkins Guide App for iOS, iPhone, iPad, and Android included. Septic shock is a subset of sepsis in which underlying circulatory, cellular, and metabolic abnormalities are associated with a greater mortality risk than sepsis alone. [1] Both virulence of the pathogen and the host’s immunologic vulnerabilities determine the sepsis’s likelihood and outcome. Pathogens are associated with a site of ...Fungi: (e.g., Candida spp) are less common. In community-acquired infections, the major pathogens are Enterobacterales and anaerobes. In healthcare-associated infections or recent broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure, yeast, enterococci, resistant Gram-negative organisms, and Staphylococcus aureus may be seen. There's …FDA. All forms of tuberculosis. Treatment of asymptomatic carriers of Neisseria meningitidis to eliminate meningococci from the nasopharynx. Rifampin is used to reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and other antibacterial drugs--used only to treat or prevent infections proven or strongly suggested to be caused by bacteria.Non-fastidious organism; inhabits a variety of environments including soil and water, i.e., hot tubs, sinks, water faucets, respirators, disinfectants, and contact lens cleaning solution. Grows on a wide variety of media. Clinical isolates usually render smooth colonies on plates [ Fig 2 ]. Produces biofilm, toxins, and proteases.Clostridium difficile. Diarrhea, Antibiotic-Associated. Diarrhea, Nosocomial. View topics in the All Topics C Colitis section of Johns Hopkins Guides. Official website of the Johns Hopkins Antibiotic (ABX), HIV, Diabetes, and Psychiatry Guides, powered by Unbound Medicine. Johns Hopkins Guide App for iOS, iPhone, iPad, and Android included..